Soft Ground Tunnel Design

This book is essentially a manual for the design of tunnels and other underground spaces in soft ground - soil in contrast to rock. It focuses on stability, prediction of ground movements, and structural design of the lining. It shows that the choice of excavation and support methods depends on ground stability, limitation of damage to the existing built environment and health, safety and environmental considerations. The book builds on the basic principles of soil-structure interaction, the three-dimensional effects of construction sequence and the effects of construction on other surface or subsurface structures in steps of gradually increasing complexity. The use of worked examples throughout, and example problems at the end of each chapter, give the reader confidence to apply their knowledge. Engineers and graduate students will be able to: * understand the basis for choosing an underground construction method and/or ground improvement method * calculate heading stability * predict ground movements * understand the complex soil-structure interaction around an advancing tunnel * design tunnel linings in soft ground using a variety of methods * predict the effects of construction on the built environment and assess potential damage